{"id":15595,"date":"2023-12-04T14:00:45","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T14:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/promoguy.nl\/vocabulary\/long-tail\/"},"modified":"2023-12-04T14:00:45","modified_gmt":"2023-12-04T14:00:45","slug":"long-tail","status":"publish","type":"entity","link":"https:\/\/promoguy.nl\/lt\/blog\/vocabulary\/long-tail\/","title":{"rendered":"Ilgosios uodegos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Statistikoje kai kuri\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173 pasiskirstym\u0173 ilgoji uodega - tai pasiskirstymo dalis, kurioje yra daug atvej\u0173, nutolusi\u0173 nuo pasiskirstymo \"galvos\" arba centrin\u0117s dalies. Pasiskirstymas gali apimti populiarum\u0105, atsitiktin\u012f \u012fvyki\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173 su \u012fvairiomis tikimyb\u0117mis ir t. t. Sakoma, kad tikimybi\u0173 pasiskirstymas turi ilg\u0105 uodeg\u0105, jei didesn\u0117 populiacijos dalis yra jo uodegoje, nei esant normaliajam pasiskirstymui. Ilgosios uodegos pasiskirstymas atsiranda \u012ftraukus daug reik\u0161mi\u0173, ne\u012fprastai nutolusi\u0173 nuo vidurkio, d\u0117l kuri\u0173 padid\u0117ja pasiskirstymo kreivumas. Ilgosios uodegos pasiskirstymas yra tam tikra sunkiosios uodegos pasiskirstymo r\u016b\u0161is. Pastaruoju metu terminas \"ilga uodega\" i\u0161populiar\u0117jo apib\u016bdinant ma\u017emenin\u0117s prekybos strategij\u0105, kai parduodama daug unikali\u0173 preki\u0173, o kiekvienos i\u0161 j\u0173 parduodamas palyginti ma\u017eas kiekis - paprastai kartu parduodant ma\u017eiau populiari\u0173 preki\u0173 dideliais kiekiais. Ilg\u0105 uodeg\u0105 i\u0161populiarino Chrisas Andersonas 2004 m. spalio m\u0117n. \u017eurnalo \"Wired\" straipsnyje, kuriame jis pamin\u0117jo \"Amazon.com\", \"Apple\" ir \"Yahoo!\" kaip \u0161i\u0105 strategij\u0105 taikan\u010di\u0173 \u012fmoni\u0173 pavyzd\u017eius. Andersonas \u0161i\u0105 koncepcij\u0105 i\u0161pl\u0117tojo savo knygoje \"Ilga uodega: kod\u0117l verslo ateitis - parduoti ma\u017eiau daugiau\" (The Long Tail: Why the Future of Business Is Selling Less of More). \u0160i\u0105 strategij\u0105 s\u0117kmingai taikan\u010di\u0173 \u012fmoni\u0173 platinimo ir inventoriaus s\u0105naudos leid\u017eia joms gauti didel\u012f peln\u0105 i\u0161 ma\u017e\u0173 sunkiai randam\u0173 preki\u0173 kieki\u0173 pardavimo daugeliui pirk\u0117j\u0173, u\u017euot pardavin\u0117jus tik didelius ma\u017eesnio skai\u010diaus populiari\u0173 preki\u0173 kiekius. Bendras \u0161io didelio skai\u010diaus \"nepopuliari\u0173 preki\u0173\" pardavimas vadinamas \"ilga uodega\". Esant pakankamam pasirinkimui, didelei pirk\u0117j\u0173 populiacijai ir nereik\u0161mingoms atsarg\u0173 ir paskirstymo s\u0105naudoms, d\u0117l populiacijos pasirinkimo ir pirkimo modelio produkt\u0173 paklausa pasiskirsto pagal galios d\u0117sn\u012f arba Pareto pasiskirstym\u0105. Svarbu suprasti, kod\u0117l kai kurie pasiskirstymai yra normalieji, o kai kurie - ilg\u0173j\u0173 uodeg\u0173 (galios) pasiskirstymai. Chrisas Andersonas teigia, kad nors tokie dyd\u017eiai kaip \u017emogaus \u016bgis ar IQ pasiskirsto pagal normal\u0173j\u012f skirstin\u012f, be mastelio tinkluose su pirmenybiniais ry\u0161iais susidaro galios d\u0117snio skirstiniai, t. y. d\u0117l to, kad kai kurie mazgai yra labiau susij\u0119 nei kiti (kaip Malcolmo Gladwello knygoje \"The Tipping Point\" apra\u0161yti \"mavensai\"). Ilgosios uodegos koncepcija rado tam tikr\u0105 pagrind\u0105 taikymui, tyrimams ir eksperimentams. \u0160i s\u0105voka vartojama internetiniame versle, masin\u0117je \u017einiasklaidoje, mikrofinans\u0173 srityje (pvz., Grameen Bank), naudotoj\u0173 skatinamose inovacijose (Eric von Hippel), socialini\u0173 tinkl\u0173 mechanizmuose (pvz., sutelktinis apr\u016bpinimas (angl. crowdsourcing), sutelktinis transliavimas (angl. crowdcasting), lygiaverti\u0161kumas (angl. peer-to-peer)), ekonominiuose modeliuose ir rinkodaroje (virusin\u0117 rinkodara). Da\u017eni\u0173 pasiskirstym\u0105 su ilga uodega statistikai tyrin\u0117ja bent nuo 1946 m. \u0160is terminas taip pat jau daugel\u012f met\u0173 vartojamas finans\u0173 ir draudimo versle. D\u0117l Beno\u00eet Mandelbrot darb\u0173, atlikt\u0173 \u0161e\u0161tajame de\u0161imtmetyje ir v\u0117liau, jis buvo vadinamas \"ilg\u0173j\u0173 uodeg\u0173 t\u0117vu\".<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In statistics, a long tail of some distributions of numbers is the portion of the distribution having a large number of occurrences far from the “head” or central part of the distribution. The distribution could involve popularities, random numbers of occurrences of events with various probabilities, etc. A probability distribution is said to have a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wl_entities_gutenberg":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"wl_entity_type":[39],"class_list":["post-15595","entity","type-entity","status-publish","hentry","wl_entity_type-thing"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLong-tail - Promoguy Digital Marketing Agency<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lt_LT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Long-tail\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In statistics, a long tail of some distributions of numbers is the portion of the distribution having a large number of occurrences far from the “head” or central part of the distribution. 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