{"id":15909,"date":"2023-12-22T12:19:47","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T12:19:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/promoguy.nl\/?post_type=entity&p=15909"},"modified":"2023-12-22T12:19:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T12:19:47","slug":"customer","status":"publish","type":"entity","link":"https:\/\/promoguy.nl\/lt\/blog\/vocabulary\/customer\/","title":{"rendered":"klientas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Klientas (kartais vadinamas klientu, pirk\u0117ju arba pirk\u0117ju) - tai prek\u0117s, paslaugos, produkto arba id\u0117jos, gautos i\u0161 pardav\u0117jo, pardav\u0117jo arba tiek\u0117jo u\u017e pinigin\u012f arba kitok\u012f verting\u0105 atlyg\u012f, gav\u0117jas. Klientai paprastai skirstomi \u012f du tipus: Tarpinis klientas arba prekybos klientas (neoficialiau - \"prekyba\"), kuris yra prekiautojas, perkantis prekes perpardavimui. Galutinis klientas, kuris savo ruo\u017etu neperparduoda nusipirkt\u0173 daikt\u0173, o perduoda juos vartotojui arba i\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173 yra vartotojas. Klientas taip pat gali b\u016bti vartotojas, bet gali ir neb\u016bti, ta\u010diau \u0161ios dvi s\u0105vokos yra skirtingos, nors \u0161ios s\u0105vokos da\u017enai painiojamos. Klientas perka prekes, o vartotojas jas naudoja. Galutinis klientas taip pat gali b\u016bti vartotojas, bet lygiai taip pat gali b\u016bti \u012fsigij\u0119s prekes, skirtas vartoti kam nors kitam. Tarpinis klientas apskritai n\u0117ra vartotojas. Situacija yra \u0161iek tiek sud\u0117tingesn\u0117, nes vadinam\u0173j\u0173 pramonini\u0173 preki\u0173 ir paslaug\u0173 galutiniai pirk\u0117jai (pavyzd\u017eiui, vyriausybin\u0117s institucijos, gamintojai, \u0161vietimo ir medicinos \u012fstaigos) arba patys sunaudoja \u012fsigytas prekes ir paslaugas, arba \u012fkomponuoja jas \u012f kitus galutinius produktus, taigi techni\u0161kai jie taip pat yra vartotojai. Ta\u010diau jie retai taip vadinami, o labiau vadinami pramoniniais klientais arba verslo klientais. Taip pat ir klientai, kurie perka ne prekes, o paslaugas, retai vadinami vartotojais. Six Sigma doktrinoje (aktyv\u016bs) klientai prie\u0161pastatomi dviem kitoms \u017emoni\u0173 klas\u0117ms: ne klientams ir ne klientams. Kol klientai aktyviai bendravo su \u012fmone per tam tikr\u0105 pastar\u0105j\u012f laikotarp\u012f, kuris priklauso nuo parduodamo produkto, ne-klientai yra arba buv\u0119 klientai, kurie neb\u0117ra klientai, arba potencial\u016bs klientai, kurie pasirinko versl\u0105 su konkurentais, o ne-klientai yra \u017emon\u0117s, kurie aktyviai veikia visai kitame rinkos segmente. D\u017eefas Tenantas (Geoff Tennant), \"Six Sigma\" konsultantas i\u0161 Jungtin\u0117s Karalyst\u0117s, skirtumui paai\u0161kinti naudoja toki\u0105 analogij\u0105: Ne klientas perka pien\u0105 i\u0161 konkuruojan\u010dio prekybos centro, o ne klientas apskritai neperka pieno i\u0161 prekybos centro, o \"tradiciniu briti\u0161ku b\u016bdu gauna pien\u0105 \u012f namus\". Tennant taip pat skirsto klientus kitu b\u016bdu, kuris naudojamas ne rinkodaros srityje. Nors tarpin\u012f ir galutin\u012f skirstym\u0105 naudoja rinkodaros specialistai, rinkos reguliavimo specialistai ir ekonomistai, klient\u0173 aptarnavimo srityje klientai da\u017eniau skirstomi \u012f dvi klases: I\u0161orinis organizacijos klientas - tai klientas, kuris n\u0117ra tiesiogiai susij\u0119s su ta organizacija. Vidinis klientas - tai klientas, kuris yra tiesiogiai susij\u0119s su organizacija ir paprastai (bet neb\u016btinai) yra organizacijos viduje. Vidiniai klientai paprastai yra suinteresuotieji subjektai, darbuotojai arba akcininkai, ta\u010diau \u0161i apibr\u0117\u017etis taip pat apima kreditorius ir i\u0161or\u0117s reguliavimo institucijas. Vidinio kliento s\u0105vok\u0105 - iki kurios \u012fvedimo i\u0161oriniai klientai buvo tiesiog klientai - i\u0161populiarino kokyb\u0117s vadybos ra\u0161ytojas D\u017eozefas M. Juranas, kuris j\u0105 \u012fved\u0117 ketvirtajame savo \"Vadovo\" leidime . Nuo to laiko ji pla\u010diai paplito visuotin\u0117s kokyb\u0117s vadybos ir paslaug\u0173 rinkodaros literat\u016broje, o vidaus klient\u0173 pasitenkinimas \u0161iandien daugelyje organizacij\u0173 pripa\u017e\u012fstamas kaip i\u0161orini\u0173 klient\u0173 pasitenkinimo prielaida ir s\u0105lyga, o tokie autoriai, pavyzd\u017eiui, teigia, kad paslaug\u0173 organizacijos, kurios kuria produktus, kad b\u016bt\u0173 patenkinti vidaus klient\u0173 poreikiai, gali geriau patenkinti i\u0161orini\u0173 klient\u0173 poreikius. Vidini\u0173 klient\u0173 valdymo teorijos ir praktikos tyrimai \u0161iandien t\u0119siami \u012fvairiose paslaug\u0173 sektoriaus \u0161akose.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A customer (sometimes known as a client, buyer, or purchaser) is the recipient of a good, service, product, or idea, obtained from a seller, vendor, or supplier for a monetary or other valuable consideration. 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