P\u0101\u017eads ir gramatisk\u0101 kategorija, kuras v\u0113rt\u012bba atspogu\u013co lietv\u0101rda vai vietniekv\u0101rda gramatisko funkciju fr\u0101z\u0113, pant\u0101 vai teikum\u0101. Da\u017e\u0101s valod\u0101s lietv\u0101rdiem, vietniekv\u0101rdiem un to modifikatoriem ir da\u017e\u0101das loc\u012bjuma formas atkar\u012bb\u0101 no t\u0101, k\u0101d\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 tie atrodas. Ang\u013cu valod\u0101 liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir zudusi paju sist\u0113ma, lai gan paju at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas joproj\u0101m ir v\u0113rojamas personv\u0101rdu vietniekv\u0101rdos: t\u0101das formas k\u0101 I, he un we tiek lietotas subjekta lom\u0101 (\"I kicked the ball\"), savuk\u0101rt t\u0101das formas k\u0101 me, him un us tiek lietotas objekta lom\u0101 (\"John kicked me\"). T\u0101d\u0101s valod\u0101s k\u0101 sengrie\u0137u, lat\u012b\u0146u, sanskrita, tamilu, krievu, po\u013cu, horv\u0101tu, serbu, \u010dehu, slov\u0101ku un somu valoda ir pla\u0161as paju sist\u0113mas, kur\u0101s lietv\u0101rdi, vietniekv\u0101rdi, \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas v\u0101rdi un noteic\u0113ji tiek loc\u012bti (parasti ar da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m pied\u0113k\u013ciem), lai nor\u0101d\u012btu savu paju. Valod\u0101 var b\u016bt vair\u0101ki da\u017e\u0101di p\u0101ri (lat\u012b\u0146u un krievu valod\u0101s ir vismaz se\u0161i p\u0101ri, po\u013cu, \u010dehu, horv\u0101tu un serbu valod\u0101s ir 7 p\u0101ri, somu valod\u0101 - 15 p\u0101ri). Bie\u017e\u0101k sastopamie p\u0101ri ir nominat\u012bvs, akuzat\u012bvs, dat\u012bvs un \u0123enit\u012bvs. K\u0101d\u0101 no \u0161\u012bm valod\u0101m lietv\u0101rds bie\u017ei tiek apz\u012bm\u0113ts ar lietv\u0101rdu, bet ang\u013cu valod\u0101 tas tiek apz\u012bm\u0113ts ar priev\u0101rdu. Piem\u0113ram, ang\u013cu valodas priev\u0101rda fr\u0101zi ar (savu) k\u0101ju (k\u0101 \"John kicked the ball with his foot\") krievu valod\u0101 var atveidot, izmantojot vienu lietv\u0101rdu instrument\u0101l\u0101 loc\u012bjum\u0101, vai sengrie\u0137u valod\u0101 k\u0101 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af t\u014di podi, kas noz\u012bm\u0113 \"k\u0101ja\", abiem v\u0101rdiem (noteiktajam artikulam un lietv\u0101rdam \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 pous, \"k\u0101ja\") mainoties uz dat\u012bva formu. Valodas evol\u016bcijas gait\u0101 var notikt paju sapl\u016b\u0161ana (piem\u0113ram, sengrie\u0137u valod\u0101 \u0123enit\u012bvs un ablat\u012bvs ir sapl\u016bdu\u0161i k\u0101 \u0123enit\u012bvs), \u0161o par\u0101d\u012bbu ofici\u0101li sauc par sinkr\u0113tismu. Form\u0101l\u0101k p\u0101ri ir defin\u0113ts k\u0101 \"sist\u0113ma, kas apz\u012bm\u0113 atkar\u012bgo lietv\u0101rdu attiec\u012bbu veidu ar to galotn\u0113m\". P\u0101\u017ei ir j\u0101no\u0161\u0137ir no tematiskaj\u0101m lom\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, a\u0123enta un pacienta. T\u0101s bie\u017ei ir cie\u0161i saist\u012btas, un t\u0101d\u0101s valod\u0101s k\u0101, piem\u0113ram, lat\u012b\u0146u, vair\u0101k\u0101m tematiskaj\u0101m lom\u0101m ir saist\u012btais p\u0101\u017eads, ta\u010du p\u0101\u0101di ir morfolo\u0123isks j\u0113dziens, bet tematisk\u0101s lomas ir semantisks j\u0113dziens. Valod\u0101s, kur\u0101s ir gad\u012bjumi, bie\u017ei vien ir br\u012bva v\u0101rdu k\u0101rt\u012bba, jo tematiskaj\u0101m lom\u0101m nav oblig\u0101ti j\u0101nor\u0101da vieta teikum\u0101.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Case is a grammatical category whose value reflects the grammatical function performed by a noun or pronoun in a phrase, clause, or sentence. In some languages, nouns, pronouns and their modifiers take different inflected forms depending on what case they are in. English has largely lost its case system, although case distinctions can still be […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wl_entities_gutenberg":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"wl_entity_type":[39],"class_list":["post-16667","entity","type-entity","status-publish","hentry","wl_entity_type-thing"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n